NHC Tetranuclear Silver(I) Complexes and Intramolecular Extended π–π Interactions

A series of new acyclic tetrazolium salts featuring a central anthracence building block which were 9,10-substituted with (N-R-azoliumCH₂CH₂)₂NCH₂– groups were prepared (azolium = benzimidazolium or imidazolium, R = picolyl, ethyl, ^<i>n</i>butyl, or benzyl). These tetrazolium salts were metalated with silver­(I) leading to four novel NHC tetranuclear complexes <b>1</b>–<b>4</b>. Molecular structures of <b>1</b>–<b>4</b> and one tetraimidazolium salt <b>L</b>^<b>1</b><b>H</b>_<b>4</b><b>·(HgI</b>_<b>4</b><b>)</b>_<b>2</b> were established by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Silver­(I) η³-arene interactions exist in complex <b>1</b>. Each molecule of complexes <b>2</b>–<b>4</b> contains one 42-membered and two 21-membered macrometallocycles. It was interesting to observe intramolecular extended π–π interactions originated from imidazole–anthracene–anthracene–imidazole in complexes <b>3</b> and <b>4</b>. In addition, the fluorescence emission spectra of the complexes and the tetrazolium salts were studied

Table2_Uncovering rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope via population-derived genome refinement and comparative analysis with homologous species.XLSX

Introduction: The Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) is a remarkable mammal thriving in the extreme Qinghai-Tibet Plateau conditions. Despite the availability of its genome sequence, limitations in the scaffold-level assembly have hindered a comprehensive understanding of its genomics. Moreover, comparative analyses with other Bovidae species are lacking, along with insights into genome rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope.Methods: Addressing these gaps, we present a multifaceted approach by refining the Tibetan Antelope genome through linkage disequilibrium analysis with data from 15 newly sequenced samples.Results: The scaffold N50 of the refined reference is 3.2 Mbp, surpassing the previous version by 1.15-fold. Our annotation analysis resulted in 50,750 genes, encompassing 29,324 novel genes not previously study. Comparative analyses reveal 182 unique rearrangements within the scaffolds, contributing to our understanding of evolutionary dynamics and species-specific adaptations. Furthermore, by conducting detailed genomic comparisons and reconstructing rearrangements, we have successfully pioneered the reconstruction of the X-chromosome in the Tibetan antelope.Discussion: This effort enhances our comprehension of the genomic landscape of this species.</p

Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil from <i>Filifolium sibiricum</i> (L.) Kitam

<p>The essential oil from <i>Filifolium sibiricum</i> (L.) Kitam were extracted using hydrodistillation and GC-MS was used to analyse the essential oil. The main components were espatulenol (8.55%), geranyl acetate (8.03%), caryophyllene oxide (5.47%), calamenene (4.79%), geraniol (4.28%), calamenene (4.53%), geraniol (4.06%), cedrene epoxide (3.23%), myrtenol (3.18%), transgeranylgeranio (3.13%), etc. The essential oil showed intensive inhibitory effects against MCF-7 with IC₅₀ level of 0.78 mg/mL, HepG-2 with IC₅₀ level of 0.44 mg/mL, SKOV-3 with IC₅₀ level of 0.27 mg/mL, BGC-823 with IC₅₀ level of 0.34 mg/mL. In the antibacterial test, the essential oil showed the significant antibacterial activities. The MIC and MBC values were 5.20 and 5.20 mg/mL against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.</p

Chemical composition and cytotoxicity of the essential oil from different parts of <i>Datura metel</i> L.

<p>The essential oil from different parts of <i>Datura metel</i> L. were extracted using hydrodistillation and GC–MS was used to analyse the essential oil. The main components of flowers were ketone (23.61%) and ethyl palmitate (15.84%). The main components of leaves were ketone (18.84%) and phytol (18.71%). Ketone (39.45%) and phytol (31.32%) were the major components of petioles. Palmitic acid (30.60%) and ethyl linoleate (21.56%) were the major components of seeds. The major ingredient of roots was palmitic acid (52.61%). The main ingredients of the stems were palmitic acid (38.38%) and ethyl linoleate (17.38%). All the different parts of essential oil were screened for cytotoxicity. The roots and stems showed the inhibitory effects against HepG-2 with IC₅₀ levels of 613.88 and 341.12 mg/L. The leaves and roots showed the inhibitory effects against HeLa with IC₅₀ levels of 267.76 and 348.35 mg/L. All the six parts have inhibitory effects against SGC-7901 cell lines.</p

Image3_Uncovering rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope via population-derived genome refinement and comparative analysis with homologous species.JPEG

Introduction: The Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) is a remarkable mammal thriving in the extreme Qinghai-Tibet Plateau conditions. Despite the availability of its genome sequence, limitations in the scaffold-level assembly have hindered a comprehensive understanding of its genomics. Moreover, comparative analyses with other Bovidae species are lacking, along with insights into genome rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope.Methods: Addressing these gaps, we present a multifaceted approach by refining the Tibetan Antelope genome through linkage disequilibrium analysis with data from 15 newly sequenced samples.Results: The scaffold N50 of the refined reference is 3.2 Mbp, surpassing the previous version by 1.15-fold. Our annotation analysis resulted in 50,750 genes, encompassing 29,324 novel genes not previously study. Comparative analyses reveal 182 unique rearrangements within the scaffolds, contributing to our understanding of evolutionary dynamics and species-specific adaptations. Furthermore, by conducting detailed genomic comparisons and reconstructing rearrangements, we have successfully pioneered the reconstruction of the X-chromosome in the Tibetan antelope.Discussion: This effort enhances our comprehension of the genomic landscape of this species.</p

Image2_Uncovering rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope via population-derived genome refinement and comparative analysis with homologous species.JPEG

Introduction: The Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) is a remarkable mammal thriving in the extreme Qinghai-Tibet Plateau conditions. Despite the availability of its genome sequence, limitations in the scaffold-level assembly have hindered a comprehensive understanding of its genomics. Moreover, comparative analyses with other Bovidae species are lacking, along with insights into genome rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope.Methods: Addressing these gaps, we present a multifaceted approach by refining the Tibetan Antelope genome through linkage disequilibrium analysis with data from 15 newly sequenced samples.Results: The scaffold N50 of the refined reference is 3.2 Mbp, surpassing the previous version by 1.15-fold. Our annotation analysis resulted in 50,750 genes, encompassing 29,324 novel genes not previously study. Comparative analyses reveal 182 unique rearrangements within the scaffolds, contributing to our understanding of evolutionary dynamics and species-specific adaptations. Furthermore, by conducting detailed genomic comparisons and reconstructing rearrangements, we have successfully pioneered the reconstruction of the X-chromosome in the Tibetan antelope.Discussion: This effort enhances our comprehension of the genomic landscape of this species.</p

Table1_Uncovering rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope via population-derived genome refinement and comparative analysis with homologous species.XLSX

Introduction: The Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) is a remarkable mammal thriving in the extreme Qinghai-Tibet Plateau conditions. Despite the availability of its genome sequence, limitations in the scaffold-level assembly have hindered a comprehensive understanding of its genomics. Moreover, comparative analyses with other Bovidae species are lacking, along with insights into genome rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope.Methods: Addressing these gaps, we present a multifaceted approach by refining the Tibetan Antelope genome through linkage disequilibrium analysis with data from 15 newly sequenced samples.Results: The scaffold N50 of the refined reference is 3.2 Mbp, surpassing the previous version by 1.15-fold. Our annotation analysis resulted in 50,750 genes, encompassing 29,324 novel genes not previously study. Comparative analyses reveal 182 unique rearrangements within the scaffolds, contributing to our understanding of evolutionary dynamics and species-specific adaptations. Furthermore, by conducting detailed genomic comparisons and reconstructing rearrangements, we have successfully pioneered the reconstruction of the X-chromosome in the Tibetan antelope.Discussion: This effort enhances our comprehension of the genomic landscape of this species.</p

Two new <i>ent</i>-atisanes from the root of <i>Euphorbia fischeriana</i> Steud.

<div><p>Two new <i>ent</i>-atisanes <i>ent</i>-1β,3β,16β,17-tetrahydroxyatisane (<b>1</b>), <i>ent</i>-1β,3α,16β,17-tetrahydroxyatisane (<b>2</b>) together with 11 known diterpenes were isolated from the anti-tumour activity fraction of <i>Euphorbia fischeriana</i> Steud. The compounds were identified by detailed spectroscopic analysis, including extensive 2D-NMR experiments. X-ray analysis was applied to determine the structure of compound <b>2</b>. All 13 compounds were screened for cytotoxicity <i>in vitro</i> against human tumour MCF-7, HepG-2 and SGC-7901 cell lines. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> showed the inhibitory effects against MCF-7 with IC₅₀ levels of 23.21 and 15.42 μM; simultaneously, compounds <b>4</b>, <b>6</b>, <b>8</b> and <b>11</b> also had definite inhibitory effect against different cell lines.</p></div

Light Metal Li/K-Based Energetic Coordination Polymers: Structural Effect on Detonation Performance

It is the current development trend to contribute green high-energy coordination polymers (CPs) with light metal to realize effective energy density. In this study, self-assembly of a ligand 3-(tetrazol-5-yl)­triazole (H₂tztr) with the light metal Li produces Li–CP [Li₂(Htztr)₂(H₂O)₄] (<b>1a</b>). Further structure recombination generates the polymorph (<b>1b</b>) in the presence of HNO_3, which displays better detonation performance. Nevertheless, the detonation performance is affected by multiple water molecules, which may take some energy away because they evaporate at lower temperatures. Hence, we selected K­(I) with the larger radius to replace Li­(I), expecting that more ligands participate in coordination, which not only increases energetic units but also avoids a large amount of coordinated H₂O molecules. Compound [K­(Htztr)­(H₂O)]_<i>n</i> (<b>2</b>) with a two-dimensional structure was prepared by facile synthesis, which effectively reduces coordinated H₂O molecules. Particularly, <b>2</b> possesses outstanding detonation performance with excellent thermostability and low sensitivity (<i>T</i>_dec = 325 °C, Δ<i>H</i>_det = 4.255 kcal·g^–1, <i>D</i> = 9.742 km·s^–1, and <i>P</i> = 42.659 GPa) among reported energetic CPs. This finding demonstrates a systemic study about calculations of detonation properties and offers an efficient approach to enhancing detonation performance by light metals as nodes to construct ECPs with one-step release of energy

Table3_Uncovering rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope via population-derived genome refinement and comparative analysis with homologous species.xlsx

Introduction: The Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) is a remarkable mammal thriving in the extreme Qinghai-Tibet Plateau conditions. Despite the availability of its genome sequence, limitations in the scaffold-level assembly have hindered a comprehensive understanding of its genomics. Moreover, comparative analyses with other Bovidae species are lacking, along with insights into genome rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope.Methods: Addressing these gaps, we present a multifaceted approach by refining the Tibetan Antelope genome through linkage disequilibrium analysis with data from 15 newly sequenced samples.Results: The scaffold N50 of the refined reference is 3.2 Mbp, surpassing the previous version by 1.15-fold. Our annotation analysis resulted in 50,750 genes, encompassing 29,324 novel genes not previously study. Comparative analyses reveal 182 unique rearrangements within the scaffolds, contributing to our understanding of evolutionary dynamics and species-specific adaptations. Furthermore, by conducting detailed genomic comparisons and reconstructing rearrangements, we have successfully pioneered the reconstruction of the X-chromosome in the Tibetan antelope.Discussion: This effort enhances our comprehension of the genomic landscape of this species.</p